Chimonero , P. 2025. The Doping-Sport-Cultural Matrix: A Noxious Trending Issue among Zimbabwean In-school and out-of-school Youth Athletes. Oikos: The Zimbabwe Ezekiel Guti University bulletin of Ecology, Science Technology, Agriculture, Food Systems Review and Advancement. 3, 1 and 2 (Mar. 2025), Pages: 45 –71. DOI:https://doi.org/10.71458/2e0x2788.